Their pathways of action are very interesting and can bring beneficial results:

• Immune modulation: they achieve this through the regulation of T cell responses, thereby reducing inflammation.
• Restoring Gut Barrier Function: stem cells promote the production of tight junction proteins that strengthen the connections between intestinal cells. By restoring the barrier, they reduce systemic inflammation caused by the translocation of bacteria and toxins into the bloodstream.
• Gut microbiota: stem cells help restore the balance of intestinal microbes, increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria and promoting the production of short-chain fatty acids which are important for maintaining intestinal health and getting to mucosal healing.
• Anti-Inflammatory Effects: umbilical cord stem cells release anti-inflammatory cells while suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines, these effects help calm inflamed areas and reduce symptoms like pain, diarrhea, and bleeding.
• Intestinal epithelium repair: They also play a role in the repair of intestinal epithelium, enhancing barrier function and reducing permeability, which are critical in preventing further inflammation and tissue damage.